Do you know What this CPU is? Why is it also called the brain of the computer? There are many questions that always bother many of us . even as our brain controls all our processes in our body, during a computer also, the CPU controls all the processes happening inside and out of doors , especially that's why CPU is additionally called brain of the computer and smartphone.
It handles all the instructions given by the user, and it is above the capacity of the CPU that how quickly and according to which it processes those instructions. The sooner they can do this, the better or efficient CPU is called.
So today I thought why not provide you with the right information about what is the central processing unit and how it works so that you will be able to choose the right CPU. Then without delay let's start and know about What the CPU is.
What is CPU?
Full form of CPU is Central processing unit. It is a small piece of hardware that processes all the instructions of the computer program. It handles all important tasks of computer system such as arithmetical, logical, and input / output operations.
CPUs are built in such a way that microscopic transistors can be placed in a single computer chip in the amount of billions. All the calculations are done with the help of the same transistors which are needed to run the programs which are stored in the memory of the system.
The CPU is also called the brain of the computer because - all instruction, no matter how simple it is, all have to go through the CPU. For example, you type an alphabet like L then it appears in the screen. The CPU has a hand in making it appear in the screen.
For this reason, the CPU is also referred to as the central processor unit, and in short it is called the processor. So when you are looking at the technical specification of a device in an electronic store, then the processor specification that is there is the CPU.
When we discus about different types of CPU, we mean its speed. Like how soon he completes all the functions. We need only speed in doing our work, the sooner our work is processed, the sooner we can do any new work easily.
As our instruction complex becomes like 3D animation, editing of video files etc. in such a situation, we need better CPU. Therefore, whatever technological advances have been made in processor technology, speed has been the most important reason behind all of them.
We know CPU by many names such as processor, central processor, or microprocessor etc. It receives whatever instructions it receives from its software and hardware, no matter how small it is, it processes it. Therefore, it is a very major part of computer.
As advancement in technology is happening, we need fast CPU to process more and more complex processes, which can easily do these complex calculations and can handle many processes simultaneously, This thing is also called Multitasking. Particularly, software and hardware developers are always engaged in making better CPUs as their demand also keeps increasing.
How important are CPUs?
Like I have already said how important CPU is for a computer. Since it is also called brain of computer, you must have understood how important it is. Since it is solely responsible for executing commands within the program, the more CPU capacity, the more quickly they can run their applications.
Who invented CPU and when?
The basic architecture of the CPU was designed by Marcian Edward "Ted" Hoff. And using this same architecture, Federico Faggin was the first to build a CPU (Microprocessor). It was named Intel 4004. It was built in 1971.
4 bit architecture was used in this CPU, meaning this data is processed which is of 4 bit length, and it had 256 bytes of Read Only Memory (ROM), 32 bit RAM and one 10 bit shift register.
This CPU used 2,300 transistors, which could do about 60,000 operations per second. Its maximum operating frequency was 740 KHz.
Which was the first processor to come?
The first processor of Intel 4004 came in 1971.
How cpu works
You need to know what the CPU does. By the way, we know that the CPU that works are very important, but now we will know how this CPU works. Since the creation of the CPU, so many improvements have been made in it in the last several years.
Despite so many improvements, the basic function of CPU is still the same. Its basic functions are fetch, decode, and execute. Let us know about them in detail.
Fetch
As the word suggests, instruction is received in it. In this instruction means the series of numbers which is passed from RAM to CPU. Each instruction is only a small part of an operation, so the CPU must know which instruction is coming next. The current instruction address is maintained by the program counter (PC).
PCs and instructions are then placed in the Instruction Register (IR). After that the PC length is extended so that it can be referenced at the next instruction's address.
Decode
Once the instruction has been fetch and stored in IR, then the CPU passes that instruction into a circuit called instruction decoder. It then converts that instruction into signals that are later passed by parts of the other CPU for further action.
Execute
This is the last step, in which decoded instructions are sent to relevant parts of the CPU to be completed. Then the results are often written to the CPU register, where they can be referenced by later instructions. Here you can understand them as the memory function of your calculator.
What is CPU Clock Speed?
The clock speed of any processor is called where a processor can process how many number of instructions in a second. It is measured in gigahertz (GHz).
For example, if the clock speed of a CPU is 1 Hz then it means that it processes the same instruction in a second. Similarly, if the clock speed of a CPU is 3.0 GHz then it can process 3 billion instructions in a second.
Gradually, this size is constantly being reduced. But whatever it becomes small, it will be larger than the size of the atom of Silicon because it cannot be smaller than that. Then it is pointing to the fact that soon something new can be used in place of Silicon.
Maybe that thing is graphene? Because it is very small size. Extremely thin, is one of the thinnest known materials. This will definitely help the scientists in reducing the size of CPU. IBM has reported that they have developed a graphene "transistor" that can also work at 300GHz.
What does the CPU look like and where is it located?
A modern CPU is usually small and square in shape, with many short, rounded, metallic connectors on the bottom. But some older CPUs have pins in place of metallic connectors. CPUs directly attach to the CPU with a "socket" (or sometimes a "slot") which is located on the motherboard. The CPU is inserted into the socket pin-side-down, and a small lever helps secure that processor.
Since the CPU has to do many processes at once, these modern CPUs get hot most of the time due to some time run. So to remove this heat, it is important to attach a heat sink and a fan directly to the top of the CPU. Typically, it comes bundled with CPU that you must buy.
Talk about other advanced cooling options, you can use water cooling kits. While installing these CPU, take special care of them because its pins are very sophisticated.
Future of CPU
As advancement in technology is taking place. In the same way, there will be many such advancements in CPU, such as the use of superconductor graphene in place of silicon or in conjunction with it.
The CPU size is gradually decreasing every year. Like the latest generation of Intel architecture has been manufactured in 22 nanometers (nm = 1 billionth of a meter). It is heard that the next-generation CPU is going to be even less at 14nm.
Due to its small power consumption can also be reduced and extra cores can also be added to the CPU, this can also keep Moore’s law intact.
Gradually, this size is constantly being reduced. But whatever it becomes small, it will be bigger than the size of the atom of Silicon, because it cannot be smaller than that. Then it is indicating that something new can be used in place of Silicon soon.
Maybe that thing is graphene? Because it is very small size. Extremely thin, is one of the thinnest known materials. This will definitely help the scientists in reducing the size of CPU. IBM has reported that they have developed a graphene "transistor" that can also work at 300GHz.
The way technology is being used, it is clear from the fact that Graphene CPU usage can be seen in the CPU industry very soon. Only time will tell what changes are coming in the CPU.
Conclusion
I hope you have liked my article What is CPU and how does it work?It has always been my endeavor to provide complete information about What is CPU to the readers, so that they do not have to search in other sites or internet in the context of that article.
This will also save their time and they will also get all the information in one place. If you have any doubts about this article or you want that there should be some improvement in it, then for this you can write low comments.
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